phd physics university of manchester

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PhD Physics University of Manchester

Course options

Qualification.

PhD/DPhil - Doctor of Philosophy

The University of Manchester

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• ENTRY REQUIREMENT
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Course summary

Programme description

The Department of Physics and Astronomy at Manchester is one of the largest and most active departments of physics in the UK. We have a long tradition of excellence in both teaching and research, and have interests in most areas of contemporary research.

The Department has a strong presence in a number of Manchester-based centres for multidisciplinary research: The National Graphene Institute, the Photon Science Institute; the Manchester Centre for Non-Linear Dynamics; the Dalton Nuclear Institute; and the Mesoscience and Nanotechnology Centre. In addition, the Jodrell Bank Observatory in Cheshire is a part of the department.

Strong research activity exists in a broad range of physics topics funded by the Research Councils including EPSRC, STFC, BBSRC, the EU and industry. All the research groups offer well-equipped laboratories and computing facilities and are involved in a wide range of collaborative projects with industry and other academic departments in the UK and overseas.

For more information about our postgraduate research programmes, please visit:

You can also download our Postgraduate Project Booklet 2019/20 (PDF document, 2.5Mb) which contains details of research projects available within the department.

The postgraduate research environment is well funded and world-class as demonstrated by our ranking in REF2014. Supervision is provided by academic staff, who are leaders in their fields, with independent pastoral back-up. Transferable skills training is available and there are some school teaching opportunities.

Tuition fees

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University information

University of manchester, university league table, campus address.

The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, England

Subject rankings

Subject ranking.

5th out of 48 1

Entry standards

Graduate prospects

Student satisfaction

Suggested courses

Masters by Research (MRes) Materials and Physics Postgraduate Research

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Physics & Astronomy league table

MSc Physics

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PhDs in Science and Engineering

Below you will find the awards and scholarships we have available to support your science or engineering PhD.

Award deadlines change throughout the year, and some have specific application criteria so check the award page to see if you're eligible to apply.

Featured Faculty scholarships

Discover more about our fully-funded Faculty of Science and Engineering scholarships:

Dean's Doctoral Scholarship

Every year we support researchers of the highest calibre with a Dean’s Doctoral Scholarship.

President's Doctoral Scholarship

This award was launched by the University's President to help our PhD students forge the career they want.

Teaching Associate Scholarship

This award supports PhD students to develop teaching experience and earn a salary alongside their research.

• School of Natural Sciences Diversity PhD Scholarship

This award supports UK, black-heritage postgraduate researchers in natural sciences.

• Black Future Engineering PhD Scholarship

This award supports UK, black-heritage postgraduate researchers in engineering.

Browse our full list of awards

All available funding opportunities:

• A* STAR PhD Programme
• Bell Burnell Graduate Scholarship Fund
• Commonwealth PhD Scholarships (High Income Countries)
• Commonwealth PhD Scholarships (Least Developed Countries and Fragile States)
• Commonwealth Scholarships and Fellowships Plan (CSFP) General Scholarship
• CONACyT Mexico Scholarships
• CONACyT Tuition Top-up Award
• Dean's Doctoral Scholarship Award
• Department of Mathematics Overseas Scholarship Award
• Department of Mathematics Scholarship Award
• Department of Physics and Astronomy Diversity Enhancement Studentship
• Department of Physics and Astronomy STFC Studentship
• Dual-award between The University of Manchester and IIT Kharagpur
• Dual-award between The University of Manchester and The University of Melbourne
• Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Doctoral Training Partnership Studentship (EPSRC DTP)
• EPSRC Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP)
• EPSRC Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP) Studentships in Mathematical Sciences
• Funds for Women Graduates
• Heilbronn Doctoral Partnership (HDP) Studentship
• Indonesia BUDI Scholarship Programme
• James Elson Studentship
• Joint-award between The University of Manchester and IISC Bangalore
• Postgraduate Research Teaching Associate (PGRTA) Scholarships
• President's Doctoral Scholar (PDS) Award
• Talented Athlete Scholarship Scheme (TASS)
• The University of Manchester-China Scholarship Council Joint Scholarship

Alternatively, use our A–Z index

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MPhys Physics

Year of entry: 2024

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A*A*A, including A* in both Physics and Mathematics.

A*AA, including Physics and Mathematics. The A* must be in Physics or Mathematics.

Applicants who have been in local authority care for more than three months or have refugee status may be eligible for an offer two grades below the standard requirements.

38 points overall with 7,7,6 at Higher Level, including 7 in both Physics and Mathematics.

We will accept Mathematics: Analysis and Approaches or Mathematics: Applications and Interpretation.

Full entry requirements

Find out how this course aligns to the UN Sustainable Development Goals , including learning which relates to:

Goal 7: Affordable and clean energy

Goal 9: industry, innovation and infrastructure, goal 13: climate action, course overview.

• Join a physics Department ranked in the top 15 in the world, consistently, since 2011 (the Academic Ranking of World Universities).
• Develop to master's level at a Department ranked 1st in England for physics and astronomy (Academic Ranking of World Universities 2019), and associated with no fewer than 13 Nobel Prize winners.
• Enjoy lots of choice and flexibility in a broad undergraduate curriculum covering all areas of physics.
• Be part of a Department with a consistently high record of student satisfaction, averaging 93% over ten years of the National Student Survey.

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The University holds undergraduate open days regularly, giving you the opportunity to find out more about our courses, the support we offer, and our facilities. Attending an open day is a great way to find out what studying at Manchester is all about. Find out about our upcoming open days .

View the recent undergraduate virtual open week recorded sessions.

Tuition fees for home students commencing their studies in September 2024 will be £9,250 per annum. Tuition fees for international students will be £35,000 per annum. For general information please see the undergraduate finance pages.

Policy on additional costs

All students should normally be able to complete their programme of study without incurring additional study costs over and above the tuition fee for that programme. Any unavoidable additional compulsory costs totalling more than 1% of the annual home undergraduate fee per annum, regardless of whether the programme in question is undergraduate or postgraduate taught, will be made clear to you at the point of application. Further information can be found in the University's Policy on additional costs incurred by students on undergraduate and postgraduate taught programmes (PDF document, 91KB).

Scholarships/sponsorships

The University of Manchester is committed to attracting and supporting the very best students. We have a focus on nurturing talent and ability and we want to make sure that you have the opportunity to study here, regardless of your financial circumstances.

For information about scholarships and bursaries please visit our undergraduate student finance pages and our Department funding pages .

UN Sustainable Development Goals

The 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are the world's call to action on the most pressing challenges facing humanity. At The University of Manchester, we address the SDGs through our research and particularly in partnership with our students.

Led by our innovative research, our teaching ensures that all our graduates are empowered, inspired and equipped to address the key socio-political and environmental challenges facing the world.

To illustrate how our teaching will empower you as a change maker, we've highlighted the key SDGs that our courses address.

Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts

Contact details

Our internationally-renowned expertise across the School of Natural Sciences informs research led teaching with strong collaboration across disciplines, unlocking new and exciting fields and translating science into reality.  Our multidisciplinary learning and research activities advance the boundaries of science for the wider benefit of society, inspiring students to promote positive change through educating future leaders in the true fundamentals of science. Find out more about Science and Engineering at Manchester .

Courses in related subject areas

Use the links below to view lists of courses in related subject areas.

• Physics and Astronomy

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Entry requirements.

If you do not have the required grades or subjects you may want to consider our integrated foundation year .

Practical skills are a crucial part of science education and therefore there will be a requirement to pass the practical element of any science A-level taken. Where applicants are applying for science and related degrees, this is likely to be made explicit in the offers you will receive.

Contextual offer

Find out more about contextual admissions .

Duration of A-level study

Your application will be considered against the standard selection process of your chosen course if you either:

a) sat your examinations early;

b) followed an accelerated curriculum and spent three years studying A-levels where the examinations were taken over two years.

If you are studying an advanced curriculum where the examinations are spread over three years, consideration for an offer will be at the discretion of the admissions tutor for that subject.

AS-level results are not considered as part of the standard admissions process at The University of Manchester.

Unit grade information

The University of Manchester welcomes the provision of unit information where available.  Like all other information provided by applicants this may be taken into consideration when assessing your application.  Unit grades will not normally form part of an offer conditions.

Applicants must demonstrate a broad general education, typically a minimum of five GCSEs/iGCSEs, including acceptable levels of literacy and numeracy, equivalent to at least grade 4/C in GCSE/iGCSE English Language and Mathematics.

GCSE/iGCSE English Literature will not be accepted in lieu of GCSE/iGCSE English Language.

Including grade 1 or 2 in the oral exam component, if applicable.

International Baccalaureate

Other international entry requirements, scottish requirements.

Scottish Advanced Highers are normally required in one of the following combinations:

Three Advanced Highers with grades AAA, including Physics and Mathematics.

Two Advanced Highers with grades AA in Physics and Mathematics and two Highers with grades AA in additional subjects.

English Language and Mathematics not taken at Higher/Advanced Higher must have been achieved at SCQF level 5 (minimum National 5 grade C / Intermediate 2 grade C / Standard Grade Credit level grade 3).

If you require further clarification about the acceptability of this qualification please contact the Department Admissions Team.

Welsh Baccalaureate

The University welcomes and recognises the value of the Welsh Baccalaureate Advanced Diploma/Advanced Skills Challenge Certificate and would consider this qualification at grade A when taken with Physics and Mathematics A-levels with grades A*A*.

European Baccalaureate

Typically we require 88% overall with 9.0, 9.0, 8.5 in three written subjects, including 9.0 in both Physics and Mathematics.

AQA Baccalaureate

The University recognises the benefits of the AQA Baccalaureate and the opportunities it provides for applicants to develop independent study and research skills.

In making offers, the University will focus on the three A-levels taken within the AQA Baccalaureate.

The A-level requirements for the Department of Physics and Astronomy are A*A*A, including A* in both Physics and Mathematics.

The units of broader study, enrichment activities and the Extended Project are considered to be valuable elements of the AQA Baccalaureate and we would therefore strongly encourage students to draw upon these experiences within their personal statement.

Foundation year

The University recognises a number of foundation programmes as suitable for entry to this undergraduate programme:

Applicants completing the INTO Manchester in partnership with The University of Manchester International Foundation Programme in are required to achieve grades A*A*A with A* in both Physics and Mathematics and grade C in English for Academic Purposes (EAP).

Applicants completing the NCUK International Foundation Programme are required to achieve grades A*A*A with A* in both Physics and Mathematics and grade C in English for Academic Purposes (EAP).

Applicants studying other Foundation programmes should contact the Department Admissions Team to check if their qualification is recognised for entry to this programme and for specific entry requirements.

Pearson BTEC qualifications

Pearson BTEC Level 3 National Extended Diploma

We consider the National Extended Diploma in a relevant subject for entry with grades DDD when taken with Physics and Mathematics A-levels with grades A*A*.

Pearson BTEC Level 3 National Diploma

We consider the National Diploma in a relevant subject for entry with grades DD when taken with Physics and Mathematics A-levels with grades A*A*.

Pearson BTEC Level 3 National Foundation Diploma

We consider the National Foundation Diploma in any subject for entry with grade D when taken with Physics and Mathematics A-levels with grades A*A*.

Pearson BTEC Level 3 National Extended Certificate

We consider the National Extended Certificate in any subject for entry with grade D when taken with Physics and Mathematics A-levels with grades A*A*.

Pearson BTEC Level 3 National Certificate

We do not consider the National Certificate for entry to this course.

If you require further clarification about the acceptability of this qualification please contact the Admissions Team for the academic department(s) you plan to apply to.

OCR Cambridge Technical qualifications

Cambridge Level 3 Technical Extended Diploma (CTEC)

We consider the Technical Extended Diploma in a relevant subject for entry with grades DDD when taken with Physics and Mathematics A-levels with grades A*A*.

Cambridge Level 3 Technical Diploma (CTEC)

We consider the Technical Diploma in a relevant subject for entry with grades DD when taken with Physics and Mathematics A-levels with grades A*A*.

Cambridge Level 3 Technical Foundation Diploma (CTEC)

We consider the Technical Foundation Diploma in any subject for entry with grade D when taken with Physics and Mathematics A-levels with grades A*A*.

Cambridge Level 3 Technical Extended Certificate  (CTEC)

We consider the Technical Extended Certificate in any subject for entry with grade D when taken with Physics and Mathematics A-levels with grades A*A*.

Cambridge Level 3 Technical Certificate (CTEC)

We do not consider the Technical Certificate for entry to this course.

Access to HE Diploma

Given that it is not possible to meet our published offer conditions within an Access to HE Diploma, we would not recommend this qualification as the best way of preparing for our courses. However, we would look very carefully at any applications from exceptional Access students, studying a relevant Access to HE Diploma, who were on track to gain the AAA equivalent (45 graded credits at Level 3 with Distinction grade).

We would treat any such exceptional students on a case-by-case basis, looking very carefully at past academic history and the academic reference; promising candidates would be invited to interview to add supplementary information. A decision would be made about entry holistically on the basis of all information (including details of the course undertaken) and would usually be conditional on the above standard.

As each application is considered individually, applicants should contact the Department Admissions Team to discuss their particular circumstances before applying.

Cambridge Pre-U

D2, D2, D3 in Principal subjects, including D2 in both Physics and Mathematics.

We also consider applicants offering a mix of Pre-U Principal Subjects and A-level subjects, provided a minimum of three distinct subjects overall are taken.

The University welcomes and recognises the value of the Cambridge Pre-U Global Perspectives and Research (GPR) and the opportunities it provides for applicants to develop independent study and research skills. However, the qualification will not form part of your offer conditions.

We do not accept T Levels as entry onto this course. The University does accept specific T Level qualifications on a number of courses please review to our T Level information page for a full list.

Extended Project Qualification (EPQ)

The University welcomes and recognises the value of Level 3 core mathematics qualifications (e.g. AQA Certificate in Mathematical Studies).

Core Mathematics is not a compulsory element of post-16 study and as a result we will not normally include it in the conditions of any offer made to the student. However, if a student chooses to undertake a core mathematics qualification this may be taken into account when we consider their application, particularly for certain non-science courses with a distinct mathematical or statistical element.

We advise students to contact the academic Department, who will clarify whether their specific portfolio of qualifications is acceptable for entry on to their chosen course.

Core Mathematics will not be accepted in lieu of an A-level.

Home-schooled applicants

If you are a student who has followed a non-standard educational route, e.g. you have been educated at home; your application will be considered against the standard entry criteria of the course for which you are applying. You will be required to demonstrate that you meet the specified academic entry requirements of the course.

We will also require a reference from somebody who knows you well enough, in an official capacity, to write about you and your suitability for higher education. Please refer to UCAS for further information: UCAS reference guidelines.

If you are a home-schooled student and would like further information or advice please contact the Admissions Team for the academic department for your chosen course.

Non-standard educational routes

Mature applicants who are returning to studies after a break from formal education will be considered on a case-by-case basis.

If you require further clarification about the acceptability of the qualifications you hold please contact the Department of Physics and Astronomy directly.

Further information for mature students .

English language

All applicants to the University (from the UK and overseas) are required to show evidence of English Language proficiency. The minimum English Language requirement for this course is either:

• GCSE/iGCSE English Language grade 4/C
• IELTS 6.0 overall with minimum 5.5 in each sub-skill
• TOEFL iBT 80 with no less than 20 in speaking and 18 in all other subscores
• An acceptable equivalent qualification

Please note that if you hold English as a Second Language iGCSE qualification, we may also require you to offer one of our acceptable equivalent or achieve a higher grade in your iGCSE than the one stated above.

English language test validity

Some English language test results are only valid for two years. Your English language test report must be valid on the start date of the course.

Application and selection

How to apply, advice to applicants.

You should not usually apply for more than one Physics-based course offered by The University of Manchester. Applicants to this course can change to any one of the courses offered within the Department of Physics and Astronomy at any time before the start of the academic year.

Factors contributing to a successful application include:

• past academic performance;
• predicted academic performance;
• enthusiasm for, and realistic grasp of, chosen degree programme;
• evidence of interpersonal skills and non-academic interests/achievements.

 Further guidance on how to apply can be found on our How to Apply webpage .

Your referee should give realistic grade predications for all qualifications that you are currently studying at the top of their reference. If you attend a non-UK school or college that does not provide predicted grades your referee should explain this policy within their reference.

Where you have mitigating circumstances these should be reported to your education provider and relevant exam board, we cannot make further allowances.

We would normally only consider applicants who obtained the relevant qualification within the two years prior to entry. Applicants who have left education for more than two years should contact the Department Admissions Team to discuss their particular circumstances.

How your application is considered

All applications are considered on an individual basis once we receive a formal application through UCAS which includes details of the subjects taken and grades achieved, a personal statement, academic reference and your predicted grades (if you have not yet taken your final examinations). Candidates may also be interviewed online or in person.

All applicants should be aware that information provided in the personal statement may be used as the basis for further discussion during your interview with an academic member of staff.

Further information and advice on writing your personal statement and the UCAS application process can be found on the UCAS website .

Skills, knowledge, abilities, interests

Returning to education, overseas (non-uk) applicants.

Applications for deferred entry are considered equally to other applications up to the point of confirmation.

Deferred entry is granted at the discretion of admissions staff, and is normally granted for one year only and two years at the maximum in exceptional circumstances.

Some English Language test results, such as IELTS or TOEFL, are only valid for two years from the test date. Your English Language test report must be valid on the start date of the course.

We normally guarantee a place in the current year should an applicant's gap year plans change. However, this is subject to availability of places.

Policy for applicants who resit their qualifications

If you have re-sat individual modules to improve your grades, we will consider your application according to the standard selection process. If you are planning to re-sit the final Year 13 examinations, or have already done so, the University will consider your application, but we may require further information in order to make an informed judgment on your application.

Policy for applicants who take their examinations in more than one sitting

We are happy to consider applicants who are taking their examinations in different sittings, provided they were taken over the standard two-year period.

Re-applications

If you applied in the previous year and your application was not successful you may apply again.

Your application will be considered against the standard course entry criteria for that year of entry. In your new application you should demonstrate how your application has improved. 

We may draw upon all information from your previous applications or any previous registrations at the University as a student when assessing your suitability for your chosen course.

If you are applying for a place for the same year of entry through UCAS Extra, you should provide additional evidence of your suitability for the course. If you are applying through Clearing, you are required to meet the Clearing requirements. In both UCAS Extra and Clearing the places will be subject to availability.

We are happy to consider students who want to transfer to the first year of this course from other courses within the University. Transfers from other institutions are considered on a case-by-case basis. Transfers into the second year are not normally considered. Please contact the Department Admissions Team if you require further advice.

Course details

Course description.

Join one of the most respected Department of Physics in the country and enjoy the flexibility, choice and challenge of our MPhys Physics degree.

In Years 1 and 2, the course provides a foundation in classical physics, including dynamics, waves, electromagnetism and thermodynamics. At the same time newer concepts are introduced, including the unification of space and time, the meaning of wave-particle duality and the relation between entropy and disorder. You will be taught this introduction through course units in special relativity, quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics. 

These modern concepts and the techniques of classical physics lay the foundation for study in Years 3 and 4, during which you can choose from a wide range of options to develop your expertise in diverse topics that include: atomic and molecular structure, solid state electronic devices, electro-magnetic radiation, lasers, stars and cosmology, particle and nuclear physics, and the more advanced aspects of theoretical physics.

Working with leading academics and accessing our incredible facilities, you will be well placed to progress along your physics journey.

• We will provide you with a solid foundation in classical physics and introduce newer ideas such as the unification of space and time, and the meaning of wave-particle duality.
• You will choose from a wide range of options in Years 3 and 4, specially designed to develop your expertise in a diverse number of topics.
• We will provide access to a fantastic array of facilities, and you will work with world-leading physics academics.

Special features

Study abroad

Explore living in another country by taking the opportunity to study abroad in your third year.

A range of study options

You have the option of transferring to the three-year BSc Physics course at the beginning of your third year, if you so wish.

Choice and flexibility

You will cover the basics of classical physics and progress to modern, diverse topics - including atomic and molecular structure, electro-magnetic radiation, lasers, stars and cosmology, and particle and nuclear physics.

Outstanding reputation

The Department of Physics and Astronomy at Manchester has an excellent international reputation, and a qualification from us can be your passport to a successful career anywhere in the world.

Teaching and learning

Coursework and assessment, course unit details.

You can find out more information about the course units included in your chosen degree course below.

Note that not every combination of option choices may be possible due to timetable clashes.

Course content for year 1

Course units for year 1.

The course unit details given below are subject to change, and are the latest example of the curriculum available on this course of study.

Course content for year 2

Course units for year 2, course content for year 3, course units for year 3, course content for year 4, course units for year 4, scholarships and bursaries, what our students say.

Find out what it's like to study at Manchester by visiting the Department of Physics and Astronomy blog .

Make the most of a fantastic array of facilities that rival those of leading Departments across the world. They include the world-famous Jodrell Bank Observatory and a new £10 million extension to our Schuster Laboratory.

The University of Manchester also offers extensive library and online services , helping you get the most out of your studies.

Disability support

Career opportunities.

I attended some career fairs, I really recommend these. You can speak to people who have been through the graduate schemes and get real, useful advice. Ellen Leahy / Big Data Analyst for Apple

Day to day, I'm a full stack software engineer - the person that takes the architect's solution and builds it. My team in particular focuses on building applications around emerging technologies like blockchain and quantum computing. All of my computing experience was from uni. Wei Ann Heng / Software Engineer for Accenture

Your BSc Physics degree from Manchester will open up a whole world of opportunity.

In learning how to be a physicist you are a taught a set of highly valued skills:

• Rigorous and robust evidence-based reasoning
• How to analyse and assess data, and drawing meaning from it
• High degree of numeracy and mathematical ability
• Communication and team-working skills

This will prepare you for a broad range of careers, not just in physics but in other areas that need the in-demand skills you will learn.

The University of Manchester is one of the most targeted universities in the country by employers*. 80% of graduates from this course are in work or further studies 15 months after graduating**.

Plus, our award-winning careers services will support you on your journey to finding the right career path for you.

Our graduates often go on to do research in astrophysics or other branches of physics, including:

• Scientist/Engineer for Tech Company
• Finance/Banking/Management
• Information Technology
• Research scientist
• Medical Physics
• Scientific Publishing
• Science-related careers in the Civil Service

Below are just some of the employers that our graduates have gone on to work for:

• BAE Systems
• Meteorological Office
• Bank of England
• Deutsche Bank
• Merril Lynch

 You can read more about the experiences our students and graduates have had on the Department of Physics blog.

 * The Graduate Market in 202 2

** Graduate Outcomes Survey

Accrediting organisations

Manchester Particle Physics

Welcome to the Manchester Particle Physics Group. The group is a part of the  Department of Physics and Astronomy  in  The University of Manchester . Our group carries out experimental and theoretical research into the fundamental particles that exist in Nature. We have more than 50 academic, research, and technical staff, as well as more than 50 postgraduate research students.

Our experimental research takes place within large international collaborations and spans the energy frontier (ATLAS, FCC), quark flavour (LHCb, BES-III), lepton flavour (g-2, Mu2e), neutrino physics (DUNE, MicroBooNE, SBND, SuperNEMO) and the dark sector (Darkside-50, Darkside-20k, FASER). We also carry out research into new detector technologies and new data acquisition strategies for future experiments. We host one of the largest and most successful Tier-2 distributed computing centres in the UK.

Our theoretical research includes developing new models to extend the Standard Model of Particle Physics, performing precision quantum chromodynamics calculations, and developing Monte Carlo event generators. This research connects to Particle Cosmology and the study of the early Universe.

Department of Physics and Astronomy

Find the academic and Professional Services staff members who make up our internationally renowned Department.

Academic staff

See a list of the research and teaching staff within the Department.

Academics A-Z

Professional Services staff

Browse a full list of our support and technical staff.

Professional Services A-Z

Research profiles

Learn about our researchers using the University's Research Explorer.

Find our researchers

Welcome to the Nuclear Physics research group

The University of Manchester has a long and well established history in nuclear-physics research, starting with the pioneering experiments of Ernest Rutherford in the early years of the 20th century. It was at Manchester that Rutherford demonstrated the existence of the atomic nucleus using alpha-particle scattering experiments.

Our research

The members of our group at The University of Manchester pursue a range of research interests within the field of Nuclear Physics.

Postgraduate opportunities

Opportunities for postgraduates are available across our areas of research and include PhD and MSc by Research qualifications.

Our team of academics, researchers and support staff collaborate on internationally respected research.

The Nuclear Physics Group is part of the Department of Physics and Astronomy within the Faculty of Science and Engineering

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PhD and MPhil research degrees for entry in 2024

The University of Manchester offers postgraduate research degrees across a range of biological, medical and health science disciplines.

Search for your subject below to see if we offer a PhD/MPhil degree in your area of interest. Most of our PhDs are available to study as an MPhil. See individual listings for more information.

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Best universities for biomedical science in the UK - A New Scientist Careers Guide

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Best universities for biomedical science in the UK

Biomedical science is extremely diverse as it encapsulates all scientific disciplines that can be applied to human health. It primarily involves laboratory research to study biological processes to enhance our understanding of health and disease, ultimately contributing to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

Biomedical science degrees tend to receive one of the highest number of applications per place in the UK. The University of Oxford, for instance, had 11.2 applications per place in 2023. This is understandable as the UK is at the forefront of biomedical research, housing seven of the 50 top universities worldwide for life sciences and medicine according to QS World University Rankings.

This article outlines the best UK universities for biomedical sciences in 2024, as ranked by The Complete University Guide, one of the most reputable national university rankings. Its league tables give an overall score based on the following parameters: entry standards, student satisfaction, research quality and graduate prospects.

The top 20 universities in the UK to study biomedical science:

• University of Oxford

The course at Oxford is taught by world experts in biomedical science. The first year covers a diverse range of topics in human biology and medicine. You will also develop professional, research and quantitative skills . Over the following two years, students can delve into specialised areas, e.g. pharmacology, physiology or genetics .

As you progress through the course, you will pick up advanced scientific research methods. You have the option to either graduate after three years with a BA in your chosen specialisation such as neuroscience or systems biology , or complete an additional fourth year dedicated to conducting an advanced research project, leading to a Master's degree. 

Entry requirements: A*AA, including two in biology/chemistry/physics/mathematics; Biomedical Admissions Test (BMAT)

• University of Bath

Bath enjoys global recognition as one of the top universities in the country, particularly due to its research centres in evolution and mathematical biology. The uni provides two pathways for biomedical sciences: a BSc (three years) and an MBiomed (four years), each offering an additional placement year.

While the curricula for both are identical, MBiomed has a greater emphasis on research skills . Optional modules are available in later years. 

Entry requirements: AAA or A*AB, including A in biology and chemistry

• Lancaster University

Lancaster differentiates between biomedical sciences and biomedicine. The former teaches a set curriculum and is accredited by the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (IBMS), enabling graduates to pursue careers within the NHS. Optional modules are only available in the final year. 

Biomedicine, on the other hand, offers flexibility in subject selection from the second year to match individual aspirations, priming students for an academic or industrial career. Additionally, students can transition to the MSci biomedicine programme or complete an additional year with a placement or studying abroad.

Entry requirements for both: AAB with A in biology and chemistry/ mathematics / physics

• University of St Andrews

At St Andrews, biomedical science is exclusively taught at postgraduate level in the form of its MSc(Res) in biology (biomedical sciences). This 12-month Master's degree involves completing a supervised research project. The biomedical sciences research department is equipped with state-of-the-art technologies and led by world-renowned faculty.

Entry requirements: undergraduate honours degree at 2:1 or above in a relevant discipline, e.g. biochemistry, molecular biology or microbiology

• University College London (UCL)

UCL’s biomedical sciences course is recognised for generating highly employable graduates in life sciences . Transferring to its MSci programme can further enhance your job prospects in academia.

In year 1, all modules are mandatory, offering excellent exposure to various types of biomedical science. During the second year, you can specialise in specific streams, such as molecular biology or neurosciences. Year 3 involves a research project, as well as the opportunity to delve deeper into highly specialised optional courses, such as space medicine.  

Entry requirements: AAA in biology and chemistry , and preferably mathematics; GCSEs at grade B/6 in English and mathematics 

• University of Edinburgh

Edinburgh houses world-class research facilities and ranks highly for its impressive research output every year, particularly for its contribution to biomedical sciences. Its four-year BSc is a well-structured programme that offers great flexibility. 

The first two years cement core knowledge and principles, with a range of biomedical and non-biomedical modules to choose from. The teaching of fundamental concepts continues in years 3 and 4, when you can gain expert knowledge in specific areas of interest, as well as develop transferable skills. 

Moreover, the degree allows you to switch onto other specialised programmes after year 2 or 3, such as BSc anatomy and development, BSc physiology or BSc neuroscience.

Entry requirements: ABB with at least a B in biology and chemistry; maths or physics are recommended; GCSE English at 4/C and maths at 6/B

• University of Aberdeen

The third Scottish university in the top 10 has produced several impactful biomedical scientists, most notably John Macleod, the Nobel prizewinning scientist who co-discovered insulin. Aberdeen offers five biomedical science bachelor’s degrees: anatomy, developmental biology , molecular biology, pharmacology and physiology. 

The curriculum over the first two years is identical across all five courses, with a focus on general principles. The latter half of each degree focuses on its respective specialism. BSc biomedical sciences (anatomy) and BSc biomedical sciences (developmental biology) additionally offer a fifth year in industry or research. Aberdeen was ranked 1st for anatomy and physiology in 2024.

Entry requirements: ABB, including AB in chemistry and maths/another science, preferably biology

• Loughborough University

Loughborough’s three-year BSc in biomedical sciences is accredited by the Royal Society of Biology (RSB). The course also offers an additional placement year in industry or abroad, which comes with an extra qualification each, a diploma in professional studies (DPS) and diploma in international studies (DIntS), respectively. The university has strong industry links with organisations such as GSK and Pfizer.

The programme starts off with mostly compulsory modules to build a strong foundation and gradually introduces more choices over the years to tailor your degree. In the final year, all modules are optional along with your mandatory research project.

Entry requirements: AAB, including biology and maths/another science

• University of Bristol

Bristol is renowned for its state-of-the art research facilities, including human patient simulators. Its course provides insight into various sectors, including biotechnology, the food industry and pharmaceuticals, with graduates going on to study for a PhD, work in industry, study medicine or apply their transferable skills in non-scientific fields.

The first year consists of compulsory modules introducing broad topics. Year 2 introduces more optional modules with three distinct pathways: cells and molecules, molecules and systems, and systems. There is also a focus on transferable skills and employability. Year 3 largely comprises optional modules along with your research project.

Entry requirements: AAA, including chemistry and maths/another science

• University of Manchester

Manchester’s BSc highly values flexibility and a wide range of transferable skills for its students, maximising employability. You have the option to extend the course by one year with an integrated Master’s, placement year, entrepreneurship or a modern language. You can also transfer onto other related courses within the university’s medical bioscience division.

As with most biomedical science degrees, you start with a broad range of compulsory subjects in year 1, specialising in areas of interest from year 2 onwards.

Entry requirements: AAA-AAB, including AA in two of chemistry/biology/physics/maths

• University of Birmingham

Birmingham’s biomedical sciences course is RSB-accredited. Similar to Manchester, it puts great emphasis on transferable skills and employability, allowing you to graduate with a BSc in biomedical science with biomedical entrepreneurship or a BSc in biomedical science with biomaterials. The university also offers an optional MSci year in industry or a clinical setting.

The course follows the same general outline as most biomed courses: a compulsory set of core modules in the first year with the introduction of optional courses in later years.

Entry requirements: AAB with AA in two of chemistry/biology/physics/maths

• University of Warwick

Warwick graduates are some of the most sought after by the UK’s top 100 employers. The university’s course is also accredited by the RSB and offers an optional year in industry or abroad between the second and third year. Although the course structure is similar to that of other universities, you can transfer to other related programmes at the end of the first year.

Entry requirements: AAB, including biology and maths /another science or AAA, including biology

• Swansea University

Swansea’s course is titled BSc applied medical sciences and offers a combination of compulsory and optional modules from year 1. In the second year, you can select from one of three “employability strands”: medical science in practice, enterprise and innovation, and medical science in research. 

The first strand is ideal for those wishing to pursue medicine afterwards, as you will be guaranteed an interview for its graduate entry medicine programme. The second is designed for entrepreneurial individuals interested in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals or product development. The final strand is suited for students with more of a pure academic focus.

Entry requirements: AAB-ABB, including biology/chemistry and maths/another science

• Queen’s University Belfast (QUB)

As with Lancaster’s course, QUB’s BSc in biomedical sciences is IBMS-accredited, thus allowing you to work in the NHS. As such, the course is mostly geared towards clinical medicine and diagnostics, comprising only compulsory modules throughout. Furthermore, QUB has a partnership with the University of Nevada, which offers an opportunity to complete a year in research between years 2 and 3.

Entry requirements: ABB, including AB in biology and chemistry, and GCSE maths grade C/4, or AAB, including A in biology or chemistry and a second science, and GCSE biology and chemistry grade C/4

• Newcastle University

Newcastle’s course is RSB-accredited and offers a year in industry or abroad. At the end of year 1, you also have an opportunity to transfer to other degrees, including medicine or dentistry.

The course itself follows the traditional path of a biomed degree, with set core modules in the beginning followed by more optional courses, including a compulsory module designed to enhance professional skills, e.g. business enterprise for the bioscientist.

Entry requirements: AAB, including biology/chemistry and maths/another science

• University of Sheffield

Sheffield offers its biomed course in four different formats: a standard three-year course, a four-year course with a year in industry, a four-year course with a year in research and a five-year course with one year in industry and another in research. The programmes with added years - which can be done abroad - will award you with an MBiomedSci.

Sheffield’s biomed courses offer optional modules from year 1. These provide exposure to not just the human body, but also those of other species if you wish, such as zoology or plant science .

Entry requirements: AAB, including two sciences

• King’s College London (KCL)

KCL has contributed greatly to medical science. One example is Rosalind Franklin’s crucial research at the university that helped us understand our DNA. The university has multiple industrial links with companies such as GSK and Pfizer, as well as partnerships with universities in Australia, Sweden, Singapore and the US. If you opt for its four-year MSci in biomedical science, you can spend a year in industry or abroad at these places.

Its course teaches a set of mandatory modules in year 1, followed by more options in the second and third years. You can transfer onto specialised biomed degrees, such as the molecular genetics BSc or the pharmacology BSc.

Entry requirements: AAA, including biology and chemistry

• University of Strathclyde

Strathclyde’s BSc in biomedical sciences is accredited by the IBMS as well as the RSB. The course has a strong focus on biomolecular science and teaches a set of compulsory modules through all years, with year 4 allowing you to choose one module from the biochemistry, immunology or microbiology curriculum. You also have the flexibility to switch to other biomolecular courses throughout.

Entry requirements: BBB, including biology or chemistry and another science

• University of Dundee

Dundee’s RSB-accredited BSc in biomedical sciences offers great flexibility as you can choose from a range of optional modules from year 1 along with a set of compulsory subjects. Optional courses include subjects that can help enhance your employability, such as an introduction to scientific enterprises.

You can also transfer to other degrees, including neuroscience or pharmacology . The course offers opportunities to study abroad in industry or academia too.

Entry requirements: BBB, including biology and chemistry plus GCSE maths at grade B/6

• University of Glasgow

As with St Andrews, Glasgow only offers biomedical sciences at a postgraduate level. In contrast, however, you can apply to either an MSc in biomedical sciences or an MRes in biomedical sciences. Both are accredited by the RSB. 

Although the core taught modules are the same, the latter course includes more extensive research projects in defined specialisms such as biotechnology or cell engineering , while the former offers a wide range of optional taught courses, e.g. neuroinflammation or genome editing.

Entry requirements: 2:1 honours degree in a relevant subject

Studying biomedical science opens many doors, not just within the realm of medical sciences, but also in other sectors. You can choose to pursue an academic career and undertake a PhD in areas of interest, such as cell biology, molecular biology or anatomy and physiology.

Alternatively, you could transition into professional and regulated healthcare careers such as medicine or dentistry. If you enjoy lab work exclusively, you could become a biomedical lab technician in the NHS.

If you are hoping to apply your transferable skills in the tech sector - or even in a completely unrelated field where you can provide a unique perspective - you could complete a relevant Master’s or gain exposure with internships or placements.

Whichever route you take, higher education in biomedical sciences is only the first step, but it shapes you into a highly employable professional with excellent analytical thinking, problem-solving and numerical skills.

Biomedical science is a great degree to study as it provides excellent exposure to the vastness of medical sciences, offering something for everyone. With such breadth, you are likely to find a particular niche you are passionate about. You also get to learn a wide range of skills, all while developing specialist knowledge.

While all universities on the list are renowned for their biomedical science courses, some may be more aligned with your interests than others. You should consider course structure, the range of optional courses, industrial or research opportunities and the location of the university when choosing the best place to study biomedical science for you.

• Biomedical Sciences Rankings 2024 [Internet]. The Complete University Guide. Available from: https://www.thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk/league-tables/rankings/biomedical-sciences
• Biomedical Sciences | University of Oxford [Internet]. Available from: https://www.ox.ac.uk/admissions/undergraduate/courses/course-listing/biomedical-sciences
• Biomedical Sciences BSc (Hons) [Internet]. 2024. Available from: https://www.bath.ac.uk/courses/undergraduate-2024/biosciences/bsc-biomedical-sciences/
• Biomedical Science BSc HonS (B990) - Lancaster University [Internet]. Lancaster University. Available from: https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/courses/biomedical-science-bsc-hons-b990/2024/
• Biomedical Sciences MSC (REs) - School of Biology - University of St Andrews [Internet]. Copyright ©  University of St Andrews. Available from: https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/biology/prospective/pgr/biomedical-sciences-mscres/
• Biomedical Sciences BSc [Internet]. Prospective Students Undergraduate. 2024. Available from: https://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/undergraduate/degrees/biomedical-sciences-bsc/
• BSc Biomedical Sciences [Internet]. The University of Edinburgh. 2024. Available from: https://www.ed.ac.uk/studying/undergraduate/degrees/index.php?action=programme&code=C190
• Biomedical Sciences | Undergraduate Subject areas | Study here | The University of Aberdeen [Internet]. Available from: https://www.abdn.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/subject-areas/343/biomedical-sciences/
• Biological Sciences BSc | Undergraduate study | Loughborough University [Internet]. Available from: https://www.lboro.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/courses/biological-sciences-bsc/#modules_final_year
• BSc Biomedical Sciences [Internet]. University of Bristol. Available from: https://www.bristol.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/2024/biomedical-sciences/bsc-biomedical-sciences/#entry-requirements
• BSc Biomedical Sciences (2025 entry) | The University of Manchester [Internet]. The University of Manchester. Available from: https://www.manchester.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/courses/2025/00532/bsc-biomedical-sciences/#course-profile
• Biomedical Science BSc [Internet]. University of Birmingham. Available from: https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/undergraduate/courses/med/biomedical-science
• Biomedical Science BSc (UCAS B900) [Internet]. Available from: https://warwick.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/courses/bsc-biomedical-science
• Applied Medical Sciences, BSc (Hons) - Swansea University [Internet]. Available from: https://www.swansea.ac.uk/undergraduate/courses/medicine/applied-medical-sciences-bsc-hons/#bbq=on
• Biomedical Science [Internet]. Courses | Queen’s University Belfast. 2024. Available from: https://www.qub.ac.uk/courses/undergraduate/biomedical-science-bsc-b940/#overview
• Biomedical Sciences BSc Honours | Undergraduate [Internet]. Newcastle University. Available from: https://www.ncl.ac.uk/undergraduate/degrees/b940/
• Biomedical Science [Internet]. The University of Sheffield. Available from: https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/undergraduate/courses/2025/biomedical-science-bsc#keydetails
• King’s College London. Biomedical Science [Internet]. King’s College London. 2023. Available from: https://www.kcl.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/courses/biomedical-science-bsc
• BSc Hons Biomedical Science Degree Course | University of StrathClyde [Internet]. Available from: https://www.strath.ac.uk/courses/undergraduate/biomedicalscience/#entryrequirements
• Biomedical Sciences BSc (Hons) [Internet]. University of Dundee. Available from: https://www.dundee.ac.uk/undergraduate/biomedical-sciences
• University of Glasgow - Postgraduate study - Taught degree programmes A‑Z - Biomedical Sciences (MSc) [Internet]. Available from: https://www.gla.ac.uk/postgraduate/taught/biomedical-science-msc/#programmestructure,whythisprogramme,entryrequirements
• University of Glasgow - Postgraduate study - Taught degree programmes A‑Z - Biomedical Sciences (MRes) [Internet]. Available from: https://www.gla.ac.uk/postgraduate/taught/biomedical-sciences-mres/#whythisprogramme,programmestructure,entryrequirements
• Tracey I. UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD ANNUAL ADMISSIONS STATISTICAL REPORT | 2023 [Internet]. 2023. Available from: https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/AnnualAdmissionsStatisticalReport2023.pdf

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• IU Physics PhD. Student to Deliver Commencement Address

IU Physics PhD Student to Deliver Commencement Address

Monday, April 29, 2024

Patrick Blackstone, a member of the IU Physics Nuclear Theory group working with Prof. Emilie Passemar, will address IU Graduates when he receives his PhD at commencement on May 3rd.

Student commencement speakers to share about the power of mistakes

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Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

2024 phd graduate – remote sensing scientist.

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In the Oceanic, Atmospheric and Remote Sensing Sciences Group at APL, we strive to transform fundamental research into technical innovations that significantly impact how navy ships interact with and operate in the marine environment.

Do you enjoy working on challenging projects that can span a wide range of remote sensing types and include end-to-end signature modeling, signal processing, algorithm development, and the analysis and interpretation of experimental data? If so, we’re looking for someone like you to join our group of research scientists at APL. You’ll be joining a hardworking team of physicists and engineers who have critical roles in the implementation and application of physics-based models, systems analysis and modeling, analysis of remote sensing data, algorithm development and implementation, field test planning and execution, and completion of technology capability assessments in support of critical challenges for programs of national interest in the maritime domain. We have diverse technical backgrounds involved in all aspects of in-situ and remote sensing of oceanic and atmospheric phenomena and are passionate about applying our capabilities to answer current and future problems of national importance. Our team values technical and personal growth and we cultivate an environment of collaboration that focusses on solid technical work, delivering accurate results, and making impactful recommendations to our sponsors.

As a Remote Sensing Scientist in our group, your assignments will be tailored to your capabilities and interests and will also become more challenging based on your technical growth and accomplishments.

• Your primary responsibilities will be to analyze data, evaluate current and potential performance of remote sensing systems, and compare results with previous findings and model predictions with the goal of developing a physical understanding of the phenomenology.
• You will implement, refine, and use physics-based models to quantify expected technology performance bounds.
• You will develop and apply algorithms to exploit remote sensing data.
• You will be expected to communicate results effectively, in both written and oral form, to sponsors, peer organizations, and applicable R&D communities.
• You will plan and participate in test events designed to develop and evaluate advanced technology.

You meet our minimum qualifications for the job if you…

• PhD in physics, electrical engineering, applied mathematics or related field.
• Are skilled in the study of remote sensing technologies such as radar, lidar, electro-optics or infrared imaging.
• Have computer programming skills applicable to scientific analysis (e.g., MATLAB, Python, Fortran or equivalent).
• Are able to obtain an Interim Secret level security clearance by your start date and can ultimately obtain a TS/SCI+poly security clearance. If selected, you will be subject to a government security clearance investigation and must meet the requirements for access to classified information. Eligibility requirements include U.S. citizenship.

You’ll go above and beyond our minimum requirements if you…

• Have post-graduate professional experience with radar, lidar, electro-optics or infrared remote sensing systems.
• Have post-graduate professional experience in the field of ocean remote sensing.
• Hold an active Top Secret or higher-level clearance.

Why work at APL?

The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) brings world-class expertise to our nation’s most critical defense, security, space and science challenges. While we are dedicated to solving complex challenges and pioneering new technologies, what makes us truly outstanding is our culture. We offer a vibrant, welcoming atmosphere where you can bring your authentic self to work, continue to grow, and build strong connections with inspiring teammates.

At APL, we celebrate our differences and encourage creativity and bold, new ideas. Our employees enjoy generous benefits, including a robust education assistance program, unparalleled retirement contributions, and a healthy work/life balance. APL’s campus is located in the Baltimore-Washington metro area. Learn more about our career opportunities at http://www.jhuapl.edu/careers.

APL is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, creed, color, religion, sex, gender identity or expression, sexual orientation, national origin, age, physical or mental disability, genetic information, veteran status, occupation, marital or familial status, political opinion, personal appearance, or any other characteristic protected by applicable law.

APL is committed to promoting an innovative environment that embraces diversity, encourages creativity, and supports inclusion of new ideas. In doing so, we are committed to providing reasonable accommodation to individuals of all abilities, including those with disabilities. If you require a reasonable accommodation to participate in any part of the hiring process, please contact [email protected]. Only by ensuring that everyone’s voice is heard are we empowered to be bold, do great things, and make the world a better place.

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New Physics Technical Apprentice for University of Leicester is investment in future technicians

The University of Leicester is one of five UK higher education institutes to have received a share of £100,000 from the UK Institute for Technical Skills and Strategy. The University of Leicester, University of Glasgow, University of Manchester, University of Strathclyde, and University of York have each been awarded £20k to create new technical apprenticeship roles to help tackle the aging workforce within the discipline of physics.

Within UK universities 45% of technicians involved in physics research and teaching are aged 51 or over*, and this is a significant challenge for the future of technical skills in this sector. This project, which is supported by the Institute of Physics and Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), tackles this aging workforce gap through targeted investment in the technical workforce.

Gemma Black, Head of Technical Services Development and Strategy, University of Leicester said: “I am thrilled that the University of Leicester has this unique opportunity to support the next generation of technicians in Physics. This funding opportunity will enable team growth, staff development, and investment in local talent.

“Inspiring the next generation is central to Leicester's Technician Commitment, with apprenticeships playing a vital role in this endeavour. This apprentice will gain experience of the vast breath of activities encountered within a technical role including teaching and research support, health and safety and core skills.”

Professor Sarah Davies, Pro Vice-Chancellor and Head of the College of Science and Engineering at Leicester, said: “We are delighted to receive one of these awards. As a university, and as a signatory to the Technician Commitment, we are passionate about investing in our technical talent and developing a career route for technicians that supports progression and succession planning. Our physics apprentice technician will access incredible opportunities across education and research within one of the largest space research focused universities in the UK and in Europe. Our world-leading graduate and postgraduate programmes in the School of Physics and Astronomy are informed by our cutting-edge research and industry collaborations.”

Kelly Vere, Director of the UK Institute for Technical Skills and Strategy and University Director of Technical Strategy for the University of Nottingham said: “We are excited to invest a total of £100k this year to accelerate the number of technical apprentices being recruited into Physics Technical Apprentice positions.

“Five new technical apprentice jobs will be created as a result, helping to bridge the skills gap within this discipline and create a more sustainable technical workforce and kick-start a new pipeline of technicians stepping into roles which are critical to world-class research and innovation.

“A second funding call will open in early 2025 when we intend to fund a further five apprenticeships within physics from a share of £100k.”

Louis Barson, Director of Science, Innovation and Skills, from the Institute of Physics (IOP) also commented. He said: “We are proud to support the UK Institute for Technical Skills and Strategy to deliver this new national pilot. We are excited that this pilot is developing new ways to develop future careers for new Physics Technical Apprentices nationally and that the first funding round was a success.”

Dr Luke Davis, Joint Head of Research Infrastructure at ESPRC said: “A diverse technical workforce is key to the success of the UK’s research and innovation ecosystem, this pilot initiative within the field of physics will be an ideal test bed to launch similar schemes in the future, if successful.”

This is a two-year programme. The second funding round opens in early 2025. For more information about the scheme visit the programme website . 

• *Technical workforce data from HESA 2017/18 published in STEMM-CHANGE Equality Diversity Inclusion: A Technician Lens Report
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$3.6M to advance nuclear energy awarded to NERS

The Department of Energy will support research into gas-cooled fast modular reactor safety, community consent in nuclear facility siting, and more.

Sara Norman

The U-M Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences has received $3.6 million in funding for four projects to advance nuclear technology. The department is also collaborating on four more of the advanced nuclear energy technology projects that the U.S. Department of Energy is supporting with a total surpassing $1 billion. 

Real-time radiation effects on optics

Funded with $1 million by the Nuclear Science User Facilities Awards program, Prof. Igor Jovanovic will lead a project that aims to understand how materials used in optical sensors behave in real-time when exposed to radiation. The team will study how radiation affects the transparency and density of materials like glass and sapphire, which are crucial for optical sensors.

Current optical sensors show promise for monitoring reactors, but their performance can be affected by radiation. Jovanovic’s team will conduct experiments using gamma rays and neutrons to simulate reactor conditions. They’ll measure how the materials change during irradiation and immediately afterward, focusing on shorter wavelengths important for certain types of reactor monitoring.

By studying in real-time how radiation affects these materials, the project aims to provide a deeper understanding of how optical sensors perform in nuclear reactor environments. This knowledge can help improve sensor designs and placement, ensuring safer and more efficient operation of future advanced reactors.

Other NERS contributors include associate research scientist Milos Burger, and Piyush Sabharwall, NERS adjunct professor and distinguished scientist at Idaho National Laboratory. The project includes collaborators at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Idaho National Laboratory, and Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne in France.

Gas-cooled fast reactor safety  

Prof. Xiaodong Sun will lead an investigation into the behavior of gas-cooled fast modular reactors under accident conditions where their normal cooling systems are compromised. Funded with $1.1 million through a Reactor Development and Plant Optimization R&D award, this research aims to develop more accurate computer models capable of predicting outcomes in such scenarios.

The gas-cooled fast reactor, a type of nuclear reactor that uses helium to cool down and fast neutrons to sustain the nuclear reaction, is part of a new generation of reactors called Generation-IV reactors, which aim to be more sustainable and produce less nuclear waste.

General Atomics Electromagnetic Systems, a California-based advanced technology company, is developing a new type of gas-cooled fast reactor—the fast modular reactor—as part of a program supported by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Reactor Demonstration Program.

The fast modular reactor has a higher power density compared to gas-cooled thermal neutron reactors, and less thermal mass in its core, meaning it can react faster to transients or accidents. They show promise in using resources efficiently, making less waste, and producing electricity efficiently, and they offer greater flexibility in deployment and adaptation to different power needs.

“We plan to study how the reactor behaves in different accident scenarios where the reactor’s normal cooling systems fail,” said Sun. “Under such conditions, reactor residual heat removal will primarily rely on passive means, such as natural circulation flow and heat conduction.” 

The researchers will construct a test facility to experimentally study how coolant flows during these accident scenarios. By integrating experiments and simulations, the researchers aim to develop more accurate computer models to better predict reactor behavior during these hypothetical accidents and thus help improve the reactor’s design while ensuring safety and reliability.

“The experiments will help better understand natural circulation flow phenomena in the reactor and provide critical data for our computer model validation,” Sun adds.

Sabharwall will also support this project with collaborators at Virginia Commonwealth University, General Atomics Electromagnetic Systems, and Idaho National Laboratory.

Community consent in nuclear facility siting  

Funded with $1.1 million through a Consent-based Siting for SNF Management R&D award, Prof. Aditi Verma will lead a project that aims to develop more equitable and respectful approaches to nuclear facility siting by centering the perspectives and needs of affected communities, particularly Indigenous communities.

Indigenous communities in the U.S. have often borne the brunt of harmful impacts, including displacement, contamination, loss of access to traditional lands, and health issues. Given this context, the project aims to ensure that future decisions regarding the siting of nuclear facilities are made in a manner that respects the rights and experiences of these communities—seeking to understand both past impacts as well as envision futures in community-centric ways. Verma and her team also seek to address broader challenges, such as climate change mitigation through nuclear energy, while also promoting inclusivity, transparency, and democratic decision-making processes.

The researchers will develop guidelines and tools for consent-based siting with a specific focus on incorporating the perspectives and experiences of Indigenous communities. The guidelines will be utilized by those involved in the siting of nuclear facilities, including government agencies, energy companies, community organizations, and advocacy groups.

They will first establish guiding principles for respectful community engagement and metrics for measuring consent, informed by the lived experiences of affected communities. Additionally, they will create a generative artificial intelligence tool to support community-based storytelling — to visualize the impact of nuclear infrastructures on community landscapes as well as imagine desired futures, thus fostering more inclusive modes of communication and decision-making processes. 

“Our team believes this is timely and essential work,” said Verma. “Future development and siting of large infrastructure can and should be informed by community perspectives—particularly those from communities who have historically most been impacted in the past.“

Robert Geroux, a political theorist and faculty member in the American Indian Studies Program at Eastern Washington University, will contribute to the project. 

“Dr. Geroux has been collaborating with the University of Michigan team over the last two years to create a living archive of protocols for engagement with tribal communities,” said Verma. “His expertise will be essential in doing this work in a way that centers accountability to our community participants.” 

Other NERS contributors include Prof. Majdi Radaideh, Chair Todd Allen, and Gabrielle Hoelzle, lead data scientists at the Fastest Path to Zero Initiative .

Upgraded facility for studying nuclear materials 

Funded with $410k through a Scientific Infrastructure award, Prof. Kevin Field will lead a project to develop a new facility for studying the impact of helium on nuclear materials at the Michigan Ion Beam Laboratory. Helium, a transmutation element common to most nuclear reactor concepts, can cause a range of degradation processes including a phenomenon known as high-temperature helium embrittlement which weakens the materials used in these reactors and shortens their lifespan.

To study the phenomenon, researchers need a way to control the amount of helium produced in the material without being limited by the specific conditions of a singular nuclear reactor. Field and his team will create a new facility at the Michigan Ion Beam Laboratory that will be capable of generating and then implementing high-energy helium ions for testing materials.

By using ion-based methods, researchers can simulate the effects of helium on different materials under various reactor-like conditions. This approach allows for more precise testing and understanding of how materials behave under elevated temperatures and helium exposure.

The new facility will be open to researchers from universities, national laboratories, and industry, providing them with a valuable resource for studying and improving materials for advanced nuclear reactors.

Another NERS contributor is Zhijie (George) Jiao, manager of the Michigan Ion Beam Laboratory. 

Improving accident-tolerant fuels

The Fukushima Daiichi incident highlighted the need for nuclear fuels that can withstand extreme conditions during accidents. Field will support a University of Wisconsin-Madison-led project that explores the effects of material additions to potentially improve accident-tolerant fuel cladding. 

FeCrAl alloys are currently being explored as potential materials for accident-tolerant fuel cladding in light-water reactors. The addition of molybdenum can potentially enhance the alloy’s performance by improving its mechanical performance at high temperatures. However, adding molybdenum can cause unwanted additional phases to form, making the alloys more likely to become brittle. The researchers want to understand why and how molybdenum impacts the phase instabilities in FeCrAl alloys by combining experimental studies with advanced modeling techniques.

This research will not only address safety concerns in current light water reactors but will also lay the groundwork for the development of novel materials for advanced reactors. The project will train graduate students in cutting-edge research techniques, contributing to the future nuclear workforce.

The project includes collaborators at the University of Pittsburgh and Catalyst Science Solutions. 

Improving spent nuclear fuel efficiency  

Prof. Sara Pozzi will support a University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign-led project that will tackle several significant challenges within the nuclear fuel cycle, primarily focusing on finding more efficient solutions than the current approach used in the U.S.

We currently use the “once-through cycle” where nuclear fuel, typically uranium, is used only once in a reactor and then considered spent or used fuel. In this cycle, the spent fuel is not recycled or reprocessed for further use. Instead, it is treated as waste and stored for disposal.

Pyroprocessing is a method used to recycle nuclear fuel. In this process, the spent nuclear fuel is melted down using high temperatures in a special type of salt. This allows valuable materials like uranium and plutonium to be separated from the waste and used to generate more energy.

This project aims to make using the pyroprocessing method safer and more accurate by improving how we measure the amount of plutonium. The researchers will develop a new type of detector— the 3D boron-coated-straw neutron detector array— that will aid in measuring plutonium more accurately and safely, even in tough conditions like inside a pyroprocessing facility. The goal is to make plutonium measurements around 60% more accurate than in current approaches.

Detector data to understand flow patterns

Prof. Majdi Radaideh will support a Massachusetts Institute of Technology-led study that uses measurements from detectors inside small modular reactors to determine how the coolant (water) inlet flow distribution affects power tilts. In reactor licensing, low-power physics tests must demonstrate a sufficiently low radial tilt in the power profiles in order to continue to full power.

After the coolant absorbs heat in a reactor, it flows out of the core and transfers the heat to another part of the system, where it turns into steam to generate electricity. The exact details of how water flows within the core, including any irregularities or variations in flow patterns, are not yet fully understood for small modular reactors. 

The researchers hope to fill in these knowledge gaps by combining the measurements from detectors with computer simulations. They’ll use the BEAVRS benchmark—a standardized test for reactor simulations—to validate this method. 

The overall goal is to create a system that learns from all the data available about the reactor, including detector readings, to figure out where these flow problems are happening and how they affect the reactor’s performance. This will help improve our ability to predict how reactors will behave at various physics tests, which is important for licensing. 

This project includes collaborators at NuScale and Idaho National Laboratory. 

Graphite reactivity in molten salt reactors

Prof. Stephen Raiman will support a North Carolina State University-led project to identify the best graphite grades for use in molten salt reactors, in both current and advanced designs. 

Over time, the graphite components in molten salt reactors can be subjected to salt infiltration, which can cause issues like graphite degradation, fuel distribution problems, and the creation of hot spots. All of these can affect reactor performance, stability, and safety.

The team will test the salt on three different types of graphite, and then take 3D images that will allow them to examine the graphite without the need for physical dissection. To further understand the graphite’s behavior and how it interacts with the salt and the metallic structural materials in contact with the salt, they’ll conduct flowing experiments using molten salt loops. The team will also analyze the data from the experiments and make models that can tell us how the salt gets into the graphite and what it does to its strength.

“Understanding how graphite behaves in molten salt reactors is important both for making optimal material decisions, and for predicting material behavior during operation,” said Raiman. “This project will help make commercial molten salt reactors a reality by providing the data that reactor designers want to inform their models. We’re excited to work on this important project with our distinguished collaborators while training our students in the latest techniques for measuring and understanding material degradation in molten salt reactors.”

The project includes collaborators at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Terrestrial Energy USA, the University of Manchester, and the University of Leeds.

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